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Introduction to the survey

In this section, we will introduce the Organization Engagement Survey Form developed by our company.

Completion of the "Organizational Engagement Survey Form" Based on Data Analysis

The Organizational Engagement Survey, our original questionnaire, is developed based on previous work engagement research. The question items are related to work engagement, which we carefully selected by extracting through actual data acquisition and analysis.

Key Features
  • Capable of measuring factors equivalent to work engagement.
  • Created not based on experience or intuition, so it is not dependent on the subjectivity of the creator.
  • Measures both work and organization engagement simultaneously.
  • Includes factors related to engagement, facilitating the consideration of solutions.
  • Intended for investigating causes and solutions in the workplace, not as a comprehensive organizational survey.
Number of survey questions:  43
Response method: 7-point Likert scale

Click here for steps on how to create a survey >>

Completion of the "Organizational Engagement Survey Form" Based on Data Analysis

Includes Factors Related to Engagement, Verified for Reliability and Validity

Numerous services in the market are branded as engagement surveys. When selecting such a service, it is crucial to consider its academic credibility and whether it distinctly measures engagement. Standards of reliability and validity are paramount in psychological surveys.

Academically recognized surveys like the Utrecht Work-Engagement Scale (UWES; Shimazu et al., 2008), which focuses on work engagement, and Gallup's Q12, targeting employee engagement, stand out in this field. In academic domains, Q12 is also referred to as the Gallup Workplace Audit (GWA; Harter et al., 2002). These surveys, however, exclusively measure engagement.

Contrastingly, many corporate engagement surveys either adopt their unique definitions of engagement or lack academic substantiation. Furthermore, while these surveys often extensively cover various management and organizational factors, they might incorporate elements not directly related to engagement.

The Organizational Engagement Survey Form uses original questions to explore similar factors found in the UWES. It comprises solely factors that correlate with these, having been validated for reliability and validity (Yamamoto et al., 2021). As a succinct survey format, it provides the flexibility for users to integrate their specific survey items.

Includes Factors Related to Engagement, Verified for Reliability and Validity

Minimum Set Guaranteed to Relate to Work Engagement

In our research, partial correlation analysis identified 10 factors related to work engagement, including work engagement itself.

The Organizational Engagement Survey Form measures a total of 10 factors: two types of engagement, two factors related to relationship with coworkers, two factors related to relationship with supervisor, three factors related to organizational culture, and one behavioral indicator.

These 10 factors constitute a minimum set that has been confirmed to be related to work engagement. While it is possible to add unique survey items, their relation to work engagement cannot be guaranteed.

Factors related to the management layer, stress-related factors, productivity-related factors like presenteeism and absenteeism, and economic factors such as salary and promotion were excluded as irrelevant in the course of the analysis.

Detail >>

Minimum Set Guaranteed to Relate to Work Engagement

Determining Organizational Type with Two Kinds of Engagement

A "Vibrant" organization is one where many employees like their company (high attachment to the organization/organization engagement) and find their work fulfilling (high job satisfaction/work engagement).

The "Grudging" type refers to situations where employees like the company but do not find their work fulfilling. Employees in these organizations might be present during working hours and do the work they are paid for, but may not go beyond this (e.g., improving efficiency) or might just have good interpersonal relations.

The "Enthusiastic" type is when employees are indifferent about the company but find their work enjoyable. Employees in these organizations are enthusiastic about their work but have a low sense of belonging. In extreme cases, this could be an organization with intense competition among employees, including deceit for the sake of competition.

The "Reluctant" type is when employees are indifferent about both the company and their work. Their reasons for staying might be more about necessity, such as good pay, having loans, or feeling unable to change jobs.

However, since job fulfillment and attachment to the organization generally have a strong correlation, most organizations are classified as either Vibrant or Reluctant.

Determining Organizational Type with Two Kinds of Engagement

Intervening in Cognitive Factors of the Cognition-Emotion-Behavior Model

The ten factors measured by the Organizational Engagement Survey Form can be divided into cognitive factors, emotional factors, and behavioral (attitudinal) factors. This aligns with the structure of the cognition-emotion-behavior model, where changing cognition affects emotions, and in turn, altered emotions lead to changes in behavior.

Job fulfillment is a defining element of work engagement, and attachment to the organization is based on emotional commitment, indicating that both represent emotional states. Activities for the company reflect the behavior of those with high engagement. The remaining seven factors represent cognitive factors, indicating perceptions of the work environment and interpersonal relationships.

While behavior can be forcibly changed, it is not sustainable without emotional involvement. Emotions, though possibly directly manipulated by brain stimulation or drugs, usually cannot be changed from the outside. Therefore, when seeking to make a change, the approach is often through cognitive factors.

Intervening in Cognitive Factors of the Cognition-Emotion-Behavior Model

Promoting a change in mindset and behavior among managers through combining with workshops

In 2018, with the cooperation of one of our partner companies’ business unit, we conducted a year-round experiment. The experiment was consist of surveys that measure organizational engagement, and managerial training workshops facilitated by experts.

At the workshops, participants were asked to review their most recent work engagement survey results and to think about courses of action to improve the areas identified as their issues. After taking a trial-and-error approach, the participants came up with plans of action that produced statistically significant results in two areas by the fourth engagement survey.

One of the participants mentioned that the survey results showed him how a conscious effort to stop micro-managing subordinates led him to increase performance levels. Some participants expressed their concern that once the experiment was over, they no longer have their way to access valuable insight into the current state of their organization.

As revealed by this experiment, measuring change over a relatively short period of time brings clarity to the causal relationship between the change implemented during the period and the resulting score, and eliminates the blind acceptance of ineffective behavior.

The division that cooperated in the experiment informed us that they have maintained positive sales and profit growth for three consecutive years following the experiment.

results from the Experiment Conducted in 2018

There is a Sequence to Addressing the Seven Cognitive Factors

According to several of our studies, there is a priority order in addressing the seven cognitive factors.

Based on a comparative study with the famous Tuckman model of team building, in the team-forming stage, what is needed is job satisfaction, teamwork, and reliability of the supervisor. In the storming stage, satisfaction with evaluation and trust in the supervisor seem necessary. In the norming stage, trust in coworkers is needed, and in the performing stage, a good flow of communication becomes essential.

Furthermore, according to studies in statistical causal exploration, among the seven cognitive factors, job satisfaction was found to be the root cause of all others. In other words, no matter how much one improves communication, if job satisfaction remains low, it eventually leads to a decrease in communication effectiveness.

Based on this, we have summarized the order of cognitive factors to address in a pyramid model.

There is a Sequence to Addressing the Seven Cognitive Factors

Reference

  1. Shimazu, A., Schaufeli, W. B., Kosugi, S., Suzuki, A., Nashiwa, H., Kato, A., ... & Kitaoka‐Higashiguchi, K. (2008). Work engagement in Japan: validation of the Japanese version of the Utrecht Work Engagement Scale. Applied Psychology, 57(3), 510-523.
  2. Harter, J. K., Schmidt, F. L., & Hayes, T. L. (2002). Business-unit-level relationship between employee satisfaction, employee engagement, and business outcomes: a meta-analysis. Journal of applied psychology, 87(2), 268.
  3. Yamamoto, J. I., Fukui, T., Nishii, K., Kato, I., & Pham, Q. T. (2022). Digitalizing gratitude and building trust through technology in a post-COVID-19 world—report of a case from Japan. Journal of Open Innovation: Technology, Market, and Complexity, 8(1), 22.